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10.1245/s10434-006-9200-z
Annals of Surgical Oncology 14:960-967 (2007)
© 2007 Society of Surgical Oncology
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Original Article

Expression of Carbohydrate Antigens in Human Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Prognostic Application and Its Diagnostic Implications

Ahmad Faried, MD1,3, Hitoshi Kimura, MD1, Leri S. Faried, MD2, Nurhayat Usman, MD3, Tatsuya Miyazaki, MD, PhD1, Hiroyuki Kato, MD, PhD1, Shin Yazawa, PhD1,4 and Hiroyuki Kuwano, MD, PhD1

1 Department of General Surgical Science (Surgery I), Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
2 Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
3 Department of Surgery, Padjadjaran University Faculty of Medicine, Hasan Sadikin Hospital, 38 Pasteur Street, Bandung 40161, Indonesia
4 Tokushima Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., 463-10 Kagasuno, Kawauchi-cho, Tokushima 771-0192, Japan

Correspondence: Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Ahmad Faried, MD; E-mail: afaried{at}med.gunma-u.ac.jp

Background: Tumor markers whose antigenic determinants have been demonstrated to consist of carbohydrates are probably one of the most extensive tools that have been used in routine cancer diagnosis. In this study, the relevance of carbohydrate antigen expression profile was examined in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma together with prognosis in 130 patients.

Methods: The expression of carbohydrate antigens was estimated immunohistochemically by anti–sialyl Lewis a (sialyl Lea) and anti–sialyl Lewis x (sialyl Lex) monoclonal antibodies, and correlation between their staining and clinicopathological status was examined. In addition, the correlation of both carbohydrate antigens expression was evaluated with microvessel density (MVD).

Results: Expressions of sialyl Lewis antigens and MVD were associated with several clinicopathological features that reflect the tumor aggressiveness in esophageal cancer. The 5-year survival rate of patients was found to be associated with expression of sialyl Lea and sialyl Lex antigens and with MVD; thus, all of them were revealed to be independent prognostic factors.

Conclusions: Combination of these factors offered a better prediction of prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Further, carbohydrate antigens represent a promising target for therapeutic approaches against the disease.

Key Words: Carbohydrate antigens • Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma • ESCC • Microvessel density • MVD • Sialyl Lea • Sialyl Lex • Prognosis




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