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10.1245/s10434-007-9603-5
Annals of Surgical Oncology 15:199-205 (2008)
© 2008 Society of Surgical Oncology
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Original Article

Treatment Guidelines for Branch Duct Type Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms of the Pancreas: When Can We Operate or Observe?

Jin-Young Jang, MD, PhD1, Sun-Whe Kim, MD, PhD1, Seung Eun Lee, MD1, Sung Hoon Yang, MD1, Kuhn Uk Lee, MD, PhD1, Young Joo Lee, MD, PhD2, Song Chul Kim, MD, PhD2, Duck Jong Han, MD, PhD2, Dong Wook Choi, MD, PhD3, Seong Ho Choi, MD, PhD3, Jin Seok Heo, MD, PhD3, Baik Hwan Cho, MD, PhD4, Hee Chul Yu, MD, PhD4, Dong Sup Yoon, MD, PhD5, Woo Jung Lee, MD, PhD5, Hee-Eun Lee, MD6, Gyeong Hoon Kang, MD, PhD6 and Jeong Min Lee, MD, PhD7

1 Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
2 Department of Surgery, Ulsan University College of Medicine, 388-1, Pungnap-2 dong, songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea
3 Department of Surgery, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Ilwon-don Kangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea
4 Department of Surgery, Chonbuk National University College of Medicine, Jeonju-si, Dukjin-gu, Chonbuk, South Korea
5 Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 250 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
6 Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
7 Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea

Correspondence: Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Sun-Whe Kim, MD, PhD; E-mail: sunkim{at}plaza.snu.ac.kr

Background: The objectives of this study were to investigate the clinicopathological features of branch intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) and to determine safe criteria for its observation. Most clinicians agree that surgical resection is required to treat main duct-type IPMN because of its high malignancy rate. However, no definite treatment guideline (with respect to surgery or observation) has been issued on the management of branch duct type IPMN.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinicopathological data of 138 patients who underwent operations for IPMN between 1993 and 2006 at five institutes in Korea.

Results: Of 138 patients (mean age, 60.6 years; 87 men, 51 women), 76 underwent pancreatoduodenectomy, 39 distal pancreatectomy, 4 total pancreatectomy, and 20 limited pancreatic resection. There were 112 benign cases: 47 adenoma, 63 borderline cases, and 26 malignant cases, with 9 of these being noninvasive and 17 invasive. By univariate analysis, tumor size and the presence of a mural nodule were identified as meaningful predictors of malignancy. By receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, a tumor size of >2 cm was found to be the most valuable predictor of malignancy. When cases were classified according to tumor size and the presence of a mural nodule, the malignancy rate for a tumor ≤2 cm without a mural nodule was 9.2%, for a tumor of ≤2 cm plus a mural nodule was 25%, and for other conditions such as tumor >2 cm, >25%.

Conclusions: Many branch duct IPMNs are malignant. Surgical treatment is recommended, except in cases that are strongly suspected to be benign or cases that present a high operative risk. Observation is only recommended in patients with a tumor size of ≤2 cm without a mural nodule.

Key Words: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm • Branch duct • Size • Mural nodule






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