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Annals of Surgical Oncology 8:549-559 (2001)
© 2001 Society of Surgical Oncology

ORIGINAL ARTICLES

MRI Phenotype Is Associated With Response to Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Stage III Breast Cancer

Laura Esserman, MD, Elizabeth Kaplan, BA, Savanah Partridge, BS, Debasish Tripathy, MD, Hope Rugo, MD, John Park, MD, Shelley Hwang, MD, Henry Kuerer, MD, Dan Sudilovsky, MD, Ying Lu, PhD and Nola Hylton, PhD

From the Departments of Surgery (LE, EK, SH, HK), Bioengineering (SP), Pathology (DS), Radiology (LE, YL, NH), and Medicine (DT, HR, JP), University of California, San Francisco, California.

Correspondence: Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Laura Esserman, MD, 2356 Sutter Street, 6th Floor, San Francisco, CA 94115; Fax: 415-353-9571; E-mail: laura.esserman{at}ucsfmedctr.org

Background: The preferred management for women with stage II or locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) is neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Pathologic response to chemotherapy has been shown to be an excellent predictor of outcome. Surrogates that can predict pathologic response and outcome will fuel future changes in management. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrates that patients with LABC have distinct tumor patterns. We investigated whether or not these patterns predict response to therapy.

Methods: Thirty-three women who received neoadjuvant doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy for 4 cycles and serial breast MRI scans before and after therapy were evaluated for this study. Response to therapy was measured by change in the longest diameter on the MRI.

Results: Five distinct imaging patterns were identified: circumscribed mass, nodular tissue infiltration diffuse tissue infiltration, patchy enhancement, and septal spread. The likelihood of a partial or complete response as measured by change in longest diameter was 77%, 37.5%, 20%, and 25%, respectively.

Conclusions: MRI affords three-dimensional characterization of tumors and has revealed distinct patterns of tumor presentation that predict response. A multisite trial is being planned to combine imaging and genetic information in an effort to better understand and predict response and, ultimately, to tailor therapy and direct the use of novel agents.

Key Words: Magnetic resonance imaging • Neoadjuvant chemotherapy • Locally advanced breast cancer




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